{"id":4673,"date":"2020-06-30T13:13:24","date_gmt":"2020-06-30T18:13:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.arbin.com\/?p=4673"},"modified":"2025-12-26T01:57:23","modified_gmt":"2025-12-26T07:57:23","slug":"%e5%9c%a8%e7%94%b5%e6%b1%a0%e6%b5%8b%e8%af%95%e4%b8%ad%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8%e4%b8%89%e6%a0%b9%e7%94%b5%e6%9e%81%e7%94%b5%e6%b1%a0","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.arbin.com\/zh\/using-a-three-electrode-cell-in-battery-testing.html","title":{"rendered":"\u5728\u7535\u6c60\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u4e09\u7535\u6781\u7535\u6c60"},"content":{"rendered":"\r\n
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Batteries commonly have two electrodes: anode and cathode. Ions travel through the separator to either electrode during the charge and discharge cycles and release energy in the process.\u00a0<\/p>\r\n

Battery test cells can be built to include a third electrode. This is known as the reference electrode (RE). The RE allows for greater analysis of battery performance as it decouples test results between anode and cathode.<\/p>\r\n

When researching battery materials, the use of a reference electrode (RE) allows researchers to measure and differentiate the contribution of each component of the cell to its overall performance. Three-electrode experiments help identify which electrode (anode or cathode) limits the cell performance during long-term testing. It is important to identify how each electrode is contributing to cell degradation under various test conditions instead of blindly experimenting with one or both.<\/p>\r\n

Why is this important?<\/strong><\/p>\r\n

Most all<\/em> electrochemical experiments and battery tests provide greater understanding of the cell when the anode and cathode results can be decoupled through use of a reference electrode.\u00a0 This extends to what are traditionally considered \u201cindustrial\u201d applications as well.\u00a0 The dynamic charge-discharge profiles and fast charge simulations associated with commercial devices and electric vehicles can draw unique performance from a battery compared to low-rate constant current cycling.<\/p>\r\n

Three-electrode testing is also beneficial for evaluating battery safety.\u00a0 Minter and Juarez-Robles highlight how fast-charging, which is a highly sought characteristic for electric vehicles, creates a great need to detect and monitor lithium plating occurring on a cell anode.\u00a0 [Minter RD<\/span><\/span><\/span>, Juarez-Robles D, et al 2018 J Vis Exp., (135):57735.]\u00a0 This can best be achieved using a three-electrode cell during testing.<\/p>\r\n

One fundamental goal of battery research is to develop cells that are long-lasting.\u00a0 This is especially important for electric vehicle and grid storage applications where the commercial cells and battery packs must last thousands of cycles and up to 10 years.\u00a0 Three-electrode testing allows researchers to identify the limiting factor in their cell to focus attention where improvement is needed most.<\/p>\r\n

How the reference electrode is used in different testing situations<\/strong><\/p>\r\n