{"id":191864,"date":"2026-10-21T04:28:12","date_gmt":"2026-10-21T09:28:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.arbin.com\/?p=191864"},"modified":"2026-10-21T04:31:50","modified_gmt":"2026-10-21T09:31:50","slug":"cycle-life-testing-to-80-state-of-health","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.arbin.com\/ko\/cycle-life-testing-to-80-state-of-health.html","title":{"rendered":"Cycle Life Testing to 80% State of Health"},"content":{"rendered":"\n\n\t<!-- Arbin AN-030 \"Cycle Life Testing to 80% State of Health\" (no PDF). Paste the whole file into one Beaver Builder HTML module. -->\n<header>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.arbin.com\/\">Home<\/a> &nbsp;&rsaquo;&nbsp; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.arbin.com\/resources.html\">Resources<\/a> &nbsp;&rsaquo;&nbsp; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.arbin.com\/category\/application-notes\">Application Notes<\/a> &nbsp;&rsaquo;&nbsp; Cycle life testing to 80% SoH\nApplication Note AN-030\n<h1>Cycle Life Testing to 80% State of Health<\/h1>\n<h2>Summary<\/h2>\n<p>Cycle life is usually reported as the number of cycles a cell completes before its discharge capacity falls to 80% of its initial value. This note shows how to program a test in Arbin MITS&nbsp;11 that measures the reference capacity, cycles the cell, calculates state of health after every cycle with an advanced formula, and ends the test automatically when SoH falls below 80%. The schedule is available as a template, Cycle_to_80pct_SOH.sdx.<\/p>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.arbin.com\/request-a-quote.html\">Talk to an Engineer<\/a>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.arbin.com\/battery-test-equipment\/cell-testers.html\">See Arbin cell testers<\/a>\n<aside aria-label=\"Document information\">\n<dl>\n<dt>Document<\/dt><dd>AN-030<\/dd>\n<dt>Released<\/dt><dd>Oct 21, 2026<\/dd>\n<dt>Topic<\/dt><dd>Schedules &amp; MITS<\/dd>\n<dt>Test level<\/dt><dd>Cell<\/dd>\n<dt>System<\/dt><dd><a href=\"https:\/\/www.arbin.com\/battery-test-equipment\/cell-testers.html\">Arbin cell testers<\/a><\/dd>\n<dt>Software<\/dt><dd>MITS 11<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/aside>\n<\/header>\n<nav aria-label=\"Contents\">\n<h2>Contents<\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li><a href=\"#s1\">1Why cycle life testing<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s2\">2The test method<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s3\">3Schedule in MITS 11<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s4\">4Running the test<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s5\">5Conclusion<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#refs\">&nbsp;References<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<b>Want the schedule file?<\/b>\nWe can send Cycle_to_80pct_SOH.sdx and help you set the C-rates, voltage window and threshold for your cell.\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.arbin.com\/request-a-quote.html\">Request the schedule<\/a>\n<\/nav>\n<article>\n<section id=\"s1\">\n<h2>1Why Cycle Life Testing<\/h2>\n<p>Capacity fade is the most widely used indicator of lithium-ion cell ageing. It is driven by growth of the solid electrolyte interphase, loss of cyclable lithium and loss of active material <a href=\"#r4\">[4]<\/a>. Automotive and stationary-storage test standards therefore define end of life (EoL) as the point at which a cell can no longer deliver a set fraction of its rated or initial capacity &mdash; typically 80% <a href=\"#r1\">[1]<\/a><a href=\"#r2\">[2]<\/a><a href=\"#r3\">[3]<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>State of health is defined here as the ratio of the present discharge capacity to the initial capacity measured at the start of the test:<\/p>\nSoH &nbsp;=&nbsp; Q(n) &nbsp;\/&nbsp; Q<sub>0<\/sub>Q(n) is the discharge capacity of cycle n; Q<sub>0<\/sub> is the reference capacity. &nbsp;(1)\n<figure>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.arbin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/an-030-fig1-capacity-fade-to-80pct.png\" alt=\"Capacity fade curve showing state of health falling to the 80 percent end-of-life threshold\" loading=\"lazy\"\/>\n<figcaption><b>Figure 1.<\/b> Cycle life is the number of cycles before SoH reaches 80%. The schedule in this note evaluates Equation&nbsp;(1) after every discharge and ends the test at the crossing, with no operator intervention. Schematic.<\/figcaption>\n<\/figure>\n<p>Cycle life testing to 80% SoH is used to:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>compare cell designs, chemistries or suppliers;<\/li>\n<li>validate warranty and lifetime claims;<\/li>\n<li>generate ageing data for state-of-health estimation models;<\/li>\n<li>study the effect of C-rate, depth of discharge or temperature on degradation.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\nWhy automate the threshold\n<p>A cycle life test runs for weeks or months and is usually left unattended. The value of automating the end-of-life decision is not convenience &mdash; it is that the test stops at a defined, reproducible point rather than whenever someone next looks at the data.<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"s2\">\n<h2>2The Test Method<\/h2>\n<p>The schedule has two phases. A one-time <b>reference phase<\/b> measures Q<sub>0<\/sub> at a low C-rate. A <b>cycling loop<\/b> then repeats charge and discharge at the application C-rate and evaluates Equation&nbsp;(1) after every discharge.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Reference phase.<\/b> Rest, CC-CV charge, rest, then CC discharge at 0.2C. The discharge capacity is stored as Q<sub>0<\/sub>.<\/li>\n<li><b>Cycling loop.<\/b> Reset the capacity counters, CC-CV charge, rest, then CC discharge at 0.5C.<\/li>\n<li><b>End-of-life decision.<\/b> If SoH&nbsp;&ge;&nbsp;0.8 the loop repeats; if SoH&nbsp;&lt;&nbsp;0.8 the test moves to a final rest and ends.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\nTwo C-rates, two purposes\n<p>The reference discharge is deliberately slower (0.2C) than the cycling discharge (0.5C). A low-rate discharge gives a capacity close to the cell&rsquo;s true available capacity, with little polarization in the measurement; the cycling rate is chosen to represent the application. Both rates scale from MV_NominalCapacity, so the same schedule fits any cell.<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"s3\">\n<h2>3Schedule Implementation in MITS 11<\/h2>\n<p>The test was programmed in Arbin MITS&nbsp;11. Table&nbsp;1 lists the eleven steps. Nom stands for MV_NominalCapacity and t for PV_CHAN_Step_Time. The charge time limits in steps&nbsp;2 and&nbsp;7 are a backup to the 0.02C cutoff, so a charge cannot sit in CV indefinitely. Set global safety limits for voltage, and for temperature if it is measured, as usual.<\/p>\n<p><b>Table 1.<\/b> Schedule steps, transitions and log triggers<\/p>\n<table><thead><tr><th>#<\/th><th>Step label<\/th><th>Control type and value<\/th><th>Step transitions &rarr; Goto<\/th><th>Log triggers<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>1<\/td><td>Initial_Rest<\/td><td>Rest<\/td><td>t &ge; 00:30:00 &rarr; Next step<\/td><td>DV_Time &ge; 1 min<br \/>DV_Voltage &ge; 0.005 V<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>2<\/td><td>Ref_Charge_CCCV<\/td><td>CCCV: CC 0.2 &times; Nom, CV 4.2 V<\/td><td>PV_CHAN_CV_Stage_Current &le; 0.02 &times; Nom &rarr; Next step<br \/>t &ge; 08:00:00 &rarr; Next step<\/td><td>DV_Time &ge; 30 s<br \/>DV_Voltage &ge; 0.01 V<br \/>DV_Current &ge; 0.01 &times; Nom<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>3<\/td><td>Ref_Rest_After_Chg<\/td><td>Rest<\/td><td>t &ge; 00:30:00 &rarr; Next step<\/td><td>DV_Time &ge; 1 min<br \/>DV_Voltage &ge; 0.005 V<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>4<\/td><td>Ref_Discharge_CC<\/td><td>C-rate: &minus;0.2C<\/td><td>PV_CHAN_Voltage &le; 2.5 V &rarr; Next step<\/td><td>DV_Time &ge; 30 s<br \/>DV_Voltage &ge; 0.01 V<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>5<\/td><td>Store_Q0<\/td><td>Set value: MV_UD1 = LS_CHAN_Discharge_Capacity<\/td><td>Next step<\/td><td>&ndash;<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>6<\/td><td>Cycle_Start_Reset<\/td><td>Set variable: reset capacity and energy counters; increment cycle index<\/td><td>t &ge; 0 &rarr; Next step<\/td><td>&ndash;<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>7<\/td><td>Cycle_Charge_CCCV<\/td><td>CCCV: CC 0.5 &times; Nom, CV 4.2 V<\/td><td>PV_CHAN_CV_Stage_Current &le; 0.02 &times; Nom &rarr; Next step<br \/>t &ge; 04:00:00 &rarr; Next step<\/td><td>DV_Time &ge; 1 min<br \/>DV_Voltage &ge; 0.01 V<br \/>DV_Current &ge; 0.01 &times; Nom<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>8<\/td><td>Cycle_Rest_After_Chg<\/td><td>Rest<\/td><td>t &ge; 00:10:00 &rarr; Next step<\/td><td>DV_Time &ge; 1 min<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>9<\/td><td>Cycle_Discharge<\/td><td>C-rate: &minus;0.5C<\/td><td>PV_CHAN_Voltage &le; 2.5 V &rarr; Next step<\/td><td>DV_Time &ge; 1 min<br \/>DV_Voltage &ge; 0.01 V<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>10<\/td><td>SoH_Check<\/td><td>Rest<\/td><td>AF_SoH &ge; 0.8 &rarr; Cycle_Start_Reset<br \/>AF_SoH &lt; 0.8 &rarr; Final_Rest_End_of_Life<\/td><td>&ndash;<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>11<\/td><td>Final_Rest_End_of_Life<\/td><td>Rest<\/td><td>t &ge; 00:10:00 &rarr; End test<\/td><td>DV_Time &ge; 1 min<br \/>DV_Voltage &ge; 0.005 V<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>\n<h3>3.1The Schedule in List View<\/h3>\n<figure>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.arbin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/an-030-fig2-schedule-list-view.png\" alt=\"Cycle to 80 percent SoH schedule shown in the MITS 11 list view\" loading=\"lazy\"\/>\n<figcaption><b>Figure 2.<\/b> Cycle_to_80pct_SOH.sdx in the MITS&nbsp;11 list view.<\/figcaption>\n<\/figure>\n<h3>3.2Schedule Workflow<\/h3>\n<figure>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.arbin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/an-030-fig3-schedule-workflow.png\" alt=\"Schedule workflow in the MITS 11 flow view showing reference phase, cycling loop and end of life\" loading=\"lazy\"\/>\n<figcaption><b>Figure 3.<\/b> The same schedule in the flow view: reference phase (steps&nbsp;1&ndash;5), cycling loop (steps&nbsp;6&ndash;10) and end of life (step&nbsp;11).<\/figcaption>\n<\/figure>\n<h3>3.3Step 6: Reset the Counters<\/h3>\n<p><b>Set variable<\/b> resets the four capacity and energy counters and increments the cycle index, so each cycle is measured from zero. Without this step the counters accumulate across cycles and LS_CHAN_Discharge_Capacity no longer means &ldquo;the capacity of the last cycle&rdquo;.<\/p>\n<figure>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.arbin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/an-030-fig4-cycle-start-reset.png\" alt=\"Cycle Start Reset step with capacity and energy counters selected for reset\" loading=\"lazy\"\/>\n<figcaption><b>Figure 4.<\/b> Cycle_Start_Reset: the capacity and energy counters selected for reset.<\/figcaption>\n<\/figure>\n<h3>3.4Step 10: The End-of-Life Decision<\/h3>\n<p>SoH_Check is a zero-length rest whose only job is to evaluate the advanced formula AF_SoH: at or above 0.8 it starts the next cycle, below 0.8 it jumps to Final_Rest_End_of_Life.<\/p>\n<figure>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.arbin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/an-030-fig5-soh-check.png\" alt=\"SoH Check step transitions: next cycle or end of life\" loading=\"lazy\"\/>\n<figcaption><b>Figure 5.<\/b> SoH_Check: next cycle, or end of life.<\/figcaption>\n<\/figure>\n<p><b>Table 2.<\/b> Advanced formula AF_SoH<\/p>\n<table><thead><tr><th>Formula label<\/th><th>Expression<\/th><th>Meaning<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>AF_SoH<\/td><td>LS_CHAN_Discharge_Capacity \/ MV_UD1<\/td><td>Last discharge capacity divided by Q<sub>0<\/sub> &mdash; Equation (1)<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>\n<h3>3.5Creating the Formula<\/h3>\n<p><b>Formula &rarr; New formula &rarr; Advanced<\/b>: enter the label and the expression, then save. The formula is stored in the global library (FormulaRoot).<\/p>\n<figure>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.arbin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/an-030-fig6-af-soh-formula-library.png\" alt=\"AF_SoH advanced formula in the MITS 11 global formula library\" loading=\"lazy\"\/>\n<figcaption><b>Figure 6.<\/b> AF_SoH in the MITS&nbsp;11 formula library.<\/figcaption>\n<\/figure>\n<h3>3.6Importing and Reusing the Formula<\/h3>\n<p><b>Choose advanced formula<\/b>: tick AF_SoH, select <b>Import selected<\/b>, then <b>Use formula<\/b>. Because it lives in the global library it can be reused in any other schedule without being rebuilt.<\/p>\n<figure>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.arbin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/an-030-fig7-af-soh-import.png\" alt=\"AF_SoH imported from the global library and selected for the schedule\" loading=\"lazy\"\/>\n<figcaption><b>Figure 7.<\/b> AF_SoH imported from the global library (left) and selected for the schedule (right).<\/figcaption>\n<\/figure>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"s4\">\n<h2>4Running the Test<\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li><b>Set the capacity and the logging.<\/b> Enter the cell&rsquo;s rated capacity in MV_NominalCapacity, and log MV_UD1 and AF_SoH so Q<sub>0<\/sub> and the SoH of every cycle appear in the exported data.<\/li>\n<li><b>Test the end-of-life branch first.<\/b> Set the threshold in SoH_Check to 0.99, run two or three cycles and confirm the test ends by itself &mdash; then set it back to 0.8.<\/li>\n<li><b>Run the test.<\/b> The last cycle index in the exported cycle statistics is the cycle life to 80% SoH.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\nProve the branch before you commit months\n<p>Step&nbsp;2 is the step worth not skipping. A cycle life test can run for months; a branch that never fires is a fault you would otherwise discover at the end of the experiment rather than on day one. Raising the threshold to 0.99 makes the end-of-life path execute within a couple of cycles.<\/p>\n<p><b>Optional limits.<\/b> Add time limits to the discharge steps &mdash; 6&nbsp;h on step&nbsp;4 &rarr; End test, 2.5&nbsp;h on step&nbsp;9 &mdash; and a maximum cycle index on SoH_Check, so a cell that degrades in an unexpected way cannot leave the channel running indefinitely.<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"s5\">\n<h2>5Conclusion<\/h2>\n<p>A cycle life test to 80% SoH can be fully automated in MITS&nbsp;11 with one advanced formula and two variable steps. Because every current and limit refers to MV_NominalCapacity, the same template works for coin, cylindrical and pouch cells &mdash; only the nominal capacity and the voltage window change.<\/p>\nArbin\n<p>Two instrument properties decide whether a months-long test is worth anything: <b>measurement stability over time<\/b>, because a slow drift in current or capacity integration appears as capacity fade that is not there; and <b>fail-safe behaviour on power interruption<\/b>, because a test that loses its counters at cycle 800 has lost the experiment. Arbin systems hold 24-bit measurement at &plusmn;0.02%&nbsp;FSR accuracy and &plusmn;0.01% precision, with fail-safe recovery after a power interruption <a href=\"#r5\">[5]<\/a><a href=\"#r6\">[6]<\/a>.<\/p>\n24-bitVoltage and current resolution&plusmn;0.02%Measurement accuracy&plusmn;0.01%Measurement precision16User-defined variables (MV_UD)MonthsUnattended run lengthMITS 11Formula and flow editor\n<p>For the schedule template or help adapting it to your cell and standard, contact <a href=\"mailto:sales@arbin.com\">sales@arbin.com<\/a> or <a href=\"tel:+19796902751\">+1 979 690 2751<\/a>, or see the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.arbin.com\/battery-test-equipment\/cell-testers.html\">Arbin cell tester range<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"refs\">\n<h2>References<\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li id=\"r1\">[1]<i>Battery Test Manual for Electric Vehicles<\/i>, Revision&nbsp;3, INL\/EXT-15-34184. Idaho National Laboratory, June 2015.<\/li>\n<li id=\"r2\">[2]IEC&nbsp;62660-1:2018, <i>Secondary lithium-ion cells for the propulsion of electric road vehicles &ndash; Part&nbsp;1: Performance testing<\/i>. Geneva: International Electrotechnical Commission, 2018.<\/li>\n<li id=\"r3\">[3]<i>USABC Electric Vehicle Battery Test Procedures Manual<\/i>, Revision&nbsp;2. United States Advanced Battery Consortium, 1996.<\/li>\n<li id=\"r4\">[4]J. Vetter, P. Nov&aacute;k, M. R. Wagner, C. Veit, K.-C. M&ouml;ller, J. O. Besenhard, M. Winter, M. Wohlfahrt-Mehrens, C. Vogler and A. Hammouche, &ldquo;Ageing mechanisms in lithium-ion batteries,&rdquo; <i>Journal of Power Sources<\/i>, vol.&nbsp;147, pp.&nbsp;269&ndash;281, 2005.<\/li>\n<li id=\"r5\">[5]Arbin Instruments, &ldquo;Battery Cell Testers &amp; Cyclers,&rdquo; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.arbin.com\/battery-test-equipment\/cell-testers.html\">arbin.com\/battery-test-equipment\/cell-testers.html<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"r6\">[6]Arbin Instruments, &ldquo;How to Evaluate Battery Test Equipment,&rdquo; rev.&nbsp;4, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.arbin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/Evaluating-a-Battery-Tester_rev4.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">PDF<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/section>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.arbin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/an-026-lbts-cell.jpg\" alt=\"Arbin LBTS-Cell battery cycler\" loading=\"lazy\"\/>\n<p>Systems in this note<\/p>\n<h3>Arbin Cell Testers<\/h3>\n<p>24-bit measurement, &plusmn;0.02% accuracy and &plusmn;0.01% precision held over months of unattended cycling, fail-safe recovery after a power interruption, and the MITS&nbsp;11 formula and flow editor used throughout this note.<\/p>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.arbin.com\/battery-test-equipment\/cell-testers.html\">See all cell testers<\/a>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.arbin.com\/request-a-quote.html\">Get a quote<\/a>\n<h3>Planning a cycle life campaign?<\/h3>\n<p>Tell us the cell format, capacity, C-rates and how many channels you need. An applications engineer will size the system and send the schedule template.<\/p>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.arbin.com\/request-a-quote.html\">Talk to an Engineer<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.arbin.com\/request-a-quote.html\">Get a Quote<\/a>\n<\/article>\n<section>\n<h2>Related application notes<\/h2>\n<p>Ageing, measurement quality and schedule design on Arbin systems.<\/p>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.arbin.com\/battery-cell-grading-and-matching-precision-pack-performance.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">AN-025Cell Grading &amp; Matching<h3>Battery Cell Grading and Matching<\/h3><p>Why measurement precision decides how narrowly cells can be binned.<\/p>Read note &rarr;<\/a>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.arbin.com\/what-is-battery-internal-resistance.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">AN-027Resistance &amp; Power<h3>What Is Battery Internal Resistance?<\/h3><p>Resistance rises as a cell ages &mdash; what ACIR, DCIR and R&#8320; mean.<\/p>Read note &rarr;<\/a>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.arbin.com\/what-is-a-battery-cycler.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">AN-026Accuracy &amp; Precision<h3>What Is a Battery Cycler?<\/h3><p>How a cycler works and the specifications that decide data quality.<\/p>Read note &rarr;<\/a>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.arbin.com\/electrochemical-techniques-gitt-pitt-cv-eis.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">AN-028Electrochemistry<h3>Electrochemical Techniques for Battery Research<\/h3><p>GITT, PITT, CV and EIS &mdash; what each one reveals about ageing.<\/p>Read note &rarr;<\/a>\n<\/section>\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>How to program a cycle life test in Arbin MITS 11 that measures the reference capacity, calculates state of health after every cycle, and ends automatically at 80% SoH. Full 11-step schedule.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":21,"featured_media":191865,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_seopress_titles_title":"Battery Cycle Life Testing to 80% State of Health | Arbin","_seopress_titles_desc":"A cycle life test in MITS 11 that measures reference capacity, calculates SoH every cycle, and ends automatically at 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